FAQ - Demand Response Programs
- Who can participate in demand response programs?
- What are the program options?
- Who offers demand response programs?
- What are the advantages of participating?
- If I participate, will my business be shut down without my knowledge?
- What happens if I don't reduce peak demand when called upon?
- Does peak conservation really work?
- What is the alternative to demand response —"peaker" plants?
- Where can I find more information about Demand Response?
- What are Smart Meters and Advanced Metering Systems?
Who can participate in demand response programs?
Everyone: every resident, organization, government facility and business from the largest firm to the smallest "mom and pop" shop. For some inspiring success stories, read about the 2006 Demand Response Flex Your Power Award Honorees.
What are the program options?
Local utilities and the State offer a wide variety of demand response programs designed to meet every customer's needs including flexibility, financial considerations, and production needs. Programs vary by:
- Eligibility. Typically based on a customer's peak electricity demand, measured in kilowatts (kWs).
- Program triggers. These include extreme hot or cold weather, high spot-market price of electricity, system problems such as power plant outages or electrical emergencies.
- Incentives. Some programs provide lower off-peak rates or capacity payments for customers that reduce loads or shift loads to off-peak hours. Other programs provide energy control technologies.
- Voluntary or binding. Binding programs provide incentives for customers that reduce an agreed upon amount of electricity when asked and penalties for those that don't. Voluntary programs, including the Flex Your Power NOW! program, do not penalize participants for not reducing electricity use.
Who offers demand response programs?
- California Independent System Operator (ISO)
- California Energy Commission (CEC)
- California Power Authority (CPA)
- Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E)
- San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E)
- Southern California Edison (SCE)
- Anaheim Public Utilities
- Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP)
- Palo Alto Utilities, City of
- Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD)
Browse a list of Demand Response Programs or download a spreadsheet (XLS) of the known programs.
What are the advantages of participating?
- Financial: Reducing your energy use cuts your energy costs.
Also, several demand response programs offer financial and other
benefits to businesses that can reduce electric load during periods
of extreme usage.
Participants in the binding Base Interruptible Program, for instance, receive a monthly bill credit of $7 per kW for agreeing to reduce demand by a pre-determined amount - 15% or 100 kW, whichever is higher — during emergency situations. - Reliability. Reducing peak energy use helps eliminate your exposure to rotating outages. Your neighborhood will benefit too — lights will stay on, businesses will keep running and people that rely on electrical equipment,often schools and the elderly, will not suffer from power disruptions.
- Environmental: Cutting electricity is the most environmentally sound way of securing power — reducing use minimizes the need for generation and therefore, the amount of emissions released into the air from the production of electricity.
If I participate, will my business be shut down without my knowledge?
All demand response programs provide advance notification to you about when a program will be triggered. This extra response time allows participants to prepare building occupants, work processes and daily schedules. Your utility representative can help you choose among the many programs available, matching your building's profile to the best-suited program packages to ensure you receive the greatest benefits with the least amount of risk.
What happens if I don't reduce peak demand when called upon?
Voluntary programs do not penalize participants for failing to cut electricity use when asked. Participants in binding programs, however, are financially penalized for not meeting a previously agreed upon reduction goal.
More importantly, by not taking action to prevent an electrical emergency, you can be putting your home, business or neighborhood at risk of rolling blackouts.
Does peak conservation really work?
Yes. Every action you take on critical days with high electricity use helps prevent electrical emergencies. These actions include things as simple as:
- Setting thermostats to 78 degrees.
- Shutting off unnecessary lighting.
- Shifting use of appliances and processing equipment to off-peak hours (before noon or after 7 pm).
Where can I find more information about Demand Response?
- CA Independent Systems Operator Market Issues Forum and Workshops
- California Energy Commission Documents on Demand Response
- Public Interest Energy Research (PIER): Demand Response Research Center
- California Demand Responsive Infrastructure
- Demand Response and Advanced Metering Coalition
- The California Demand Response Business Network (DRBizNet) Project
- CA Demand Reserves Partnerships
- UCDavis: Demand Response Research and Technology
- DR Enabling Tech Development Project
- LBL Publications
- The State of Demand Response (880KB, PDF)
- Demand Response: Energy Action Plan (520KB, PDF)
What is the alternative to demand response?
In order to meet growing demand with supply-side options, power companies run and maintain "peaker plants" - generation units that are more polluting than the average California power plant and run only during times of peak demand. These plants go unused 90% of the time, resulting in inefficient use of investor, consumer and capital-market resources. Ever-increasing peak also puts a strain on the transmission system and distribution system.
Demand response programs, on the other hand, reduce the overall load, easing strain on the system and reducing the need for peaker plants. It is much cheaper to create a "negawatt" (energy reduced) than a megawatt of electricity during peak hours.
What are Smart Meters and Advanced Metering Systems?
In response to the 2001 energy crisis in California, legislation enabled the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) to install smart meters, also known as advanced metering systems, for all customers using 200 kW and over. This follows California's debut as the first state to make ìtime of useî (TOU) rates mandatory for industrial customers above 500kW in the late '70s. Smart meters track "real time" energy use, noting when an end-user consumes more or less electricity. When high-energy use periods occur, large energy users are charged more for their electricity use. Smart meters will eventually be used by all energy end-users in California.
The important thing to know here is that the last 1% of energy called into use at these times is generally the most expensive as well as the dirtiest, coming from small generators, most often coal, producing the greatest amount of greenhouse gasses. Therefore, reducing energy use during a Flex Alert is not only money smart, but it is









